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Enero 31, 2005

West Wing Bolivia Plot Line

Courtesy of Google Video:

Apparently the Zelaya character closely resembles, um, Evo?

at 4 minutes
Sorry. Sure. What's done, what's undone... What's done that we'd like to undo... Or do over... Do away with... Demonstration in Bolivia, outside our embassy. Big one. Over the ambassador's statement. It's being seen as interfering in their election. The Guy is a socialist. Yeah. Who says, If elected, he'll immediately halt their Coca eradication program. Yep. We should get into this. (Pager rings) I'll call dod, Intel, the undersecretary for low grade conflicts

at 10 minutes
Look it up. The President will see you now. Sir, Zalaya's now Polling a close second in Bolivia. Wasn't he fourth? Maybe our ambassador can say something new and inflammatory, help him bridge that final Gap. There's concern about rioting outside our embassy. We need you to make a statement affirming our impartiality. You mean, pretend to a disinterest no one's gonna believe because some diplomat happened to have too much...

at 10 minutes 30 seconds
What do they drink down there? As what I recall, the ambassador's not a stickler, Sir. I'm not declaring to an indifference that'll provoke international guffaws. Sir, If Zalaya wins he's pledged to re-nationalize their industries, stop payment on their six billion dollar debt, and remove all U.S. "Imperialist forces" From Bolivia. The imperialist forces their government expressly invited in. Up to now they've been one of our most cooperative allies in the war on drugs. Since no one ever wins and it never ends, maybe we should stop calling it a war. Fine. But we have 2,000 troops and seven battle ships in latin America. And our pilots engage daily in hostile gunfire as they Spray Coca fields.

Posted by eduardo at 10:35 PM | Comments (2)

René Joaquin, Potosí Mayor

Last month, El Deber published a nice profile piece about the recently elected Potosí mayor. René Joaquino, the “phenomenon” that pulled in 58% of the vote, is considered one of the up-and-coming mayors in the country and is making a name for himself on the national scene. His citizens' group Alianza Social (AS) currently has ten of the eleven council seats in Potosi. Joaquino was a former member of Nueva Fuerza Republicana (NFR), but broke ranks as did countless others.

Potosí maneja ahora dos veces más dinero que en las gestiones anteriores. Un gran porcentaje llega de programas de cooperación. Aspira a convertir a Potosí en un municipio modelo de Bolivia. Ha reducido la contaminación de las minas. Exige sacrificio y puntualidad a los 471 empleados ediles. Fue portero, albañil y lamparero

Due to his past manual labor professions, many Potosinos readily identify with him. Sometimes he has been very visible helping unload bags of cement or other construction materials at public works sites. However, he is also a lawyer, which has helped in future aspirations.

Soñaba con ser Presidente de Bolivia. "René Joaquino, futuro Presidente", firmaba en las notas que enviaba a sus compañeros. Ellos bromeaban, pero, en el fondo, él no. Claro, quién iba a tomar en serio a un pastor de ovejas y luego lamparero en las minas que trabajaba su tío en Chorolque.

Potosi has been the birthplace of two Bolivian Presidents, Jose Maria Linares Lizarazu and Gregorio Pacheco Leyes.

La ejecución eficiente de las obras hizo que la cooperación ofrezca su ayuda. Cada fin de semana, el municipio recibía embajadores de varios países, interesados en visitar la legendaria ciudad y ver de cerca el fenómeno Joaquino. Casi la mitad de los Bs 130 millones que se administran cada año vienen de recursos externos. Japón, Dinamarca, España, Cuba y otros programas han entregado créditos a la Alcaldía por casi Bs 61 millones.

Posted by eduardo at 04:51 PM | Comments (1)

Enero 30, 2005

Off to See The Arcade Fire

Let's see if they live up to the hype. Tickets for this sold-out show have been selling on Craig's List and on Ebay for up to 60 bucks (face value 12 dollars). The Arcade Fire are one of those bands that it is now uncool to like them because they are too cool. Does that make sense?

Posted by eduardo at 06:50 PM | Comments (0)

Enero 28, 2005

Prefect Elections - June 12

The government of Carlos Mesa announced that on June 12, all nine Departments of the Republic of Bolivia will elect a Prefect. Each Prefect will have a term of five years, although those elected this coming June will only serve until 2007. In the past, prefects were named by the President.

In addition to this Decree 27988, Mesa also announced that the price of diesel will come down to 3.72 Bs./liter.

Now, it's Evo's turn. He had announced that if there was a change allowing for the direct election of Prefects that he will begin blockading the road through the Chapare (linking the West to the East).

In my opinion, the direct election of Prefects is a good thing. Although this change is coming way too fast. Changes are needed to ensure that the election of Prefects will not follow the norm of Presidential and Municipal elections and their pacted coalitions.

Posted by eduardo at 10:28 PM | Comments (3)

Who Is the Enemy?

I am confused. Who are the civic leaders from Santa Cruz fighting against? President Carlos Mesa, Evo Morales, El Alto, Political Parties, COB, Cocaleros, Ramiro Blacutt, their La Paz counterpart oligarchs, the poor, Che Guevara's ghost or all "kollas" in general?

Posted by eduardo at 05:16 PM | Comments (5)

Live Footage of Cabildo

Even though the Megavision streaming video of the Santa Cruz cabildo has been sputtering, I was able to hear some of the populist rhetoric during the over-produced public gathering. In addition to some angry orators, Azul Azul was slated to perform and tens of thousands of flags were given away.

There were some reports that the government and the unelected (from the general population) civic leaders arrived at an agreement last night. The reports were that the Prefects from all the Departments, not just Santa Cruz, would be elected by the people. In addition, the Referendum on Autonomies would take place before the Constituent Assembly. However, from the sound of things that was not enough to appease the civic leaders.

It appears that the cabildo will “elect” a Department governor. I guess if you didn’t make it down to the cabildo, then you are out luck. You might have better luck voting in this weekend’s Iraqi elections.

I don’t want to jump the gun, but if these self-appointed leaders attempt to take control of government buildings, then state intervention must take place. Already there has been concern that members of the Union Juvenil Cruceñista, who have taken control of INRA may jeopardize thousands of title applications and records of thousands who have tried to claim lands legally (instead of occupying).

Generally, the election of prefects is a great thing. Too bad those in Santa Cruz have no plan for the rest of Bolivia, and could care less about the other eight Departments. But, there is still no guarantee that a popular-elected Prefect would stay out of patronage free-for-all and form their own centralized government unit.

This is all so beautiful, a movement fueled by propaganda, media monopoly and over-dramatization of political problems.

Update: I am glad that no such announcement of new governor took place. I hope the leaders will accept the agreement of direct election of Prefects, so that the country can continue to move forward.

Posted by eduardo at 05:09 PM | Comments (1)

Enero 27, 2005

I'm Tired of All This (Again)

I don't want to read about Bolivia today. Tomorrow's D-Day anyways, and I think it will end in military action (just a hunch). But for today, here are a couple of mp3s.

(Right-click and save as).

The two artists are very different. The first is a Brasilian tropicalia singer and the second is a indie-folk singer from Michigan.

Jorge Ben - Taj Mahal/Filho Maravilha/Pais Tropical Medley

Sufjan Stevens - He Woke Me Up Again

Descriptions below:

From the All Music Guide:

While many of the performers during the heyday of tropicalia and the rise of MPB (musica popular brasileira) opted for a more radical stance in their challenge Brazil's political and cultural authorities, artist like Jorge Ben took a more understated approach. Rather than use overly theatrical performance to shock the audience or write songs loaded with political content, Ben became known as one of the country's great musical alchemists, a furiously eclectic songwriter who combined elements of indigenous Brazilian music with a groove from the west coast of Africa. Never a controversial figure in the manner of the tropicalistas like Caetano Veloso and Gilberto Gil, Jorge Ben became one of the most respected and resilient figures in Brazilian pop.

From Bandoppler Magazine:

Former Marzuki leader, co-owner of Asthmatic Kitty Records, educator, and creator of the three best contemporary records you probably — to your own shame — have not heard yet, Brooklyn, NY’s Sufjan Stevens is prolific to say the least. He is also an artistic genius — and I try very hard not to use that word gratuitously. His heartbreaking and charismatic solo debut, A Sun Came, seamlessly fuses traditional and pop folk. Enjoy Your Rabbit, experimental noise pop, is one of the most listenable violent attacks on melody I’ve heard. And now Greetings from Michigan, an actual and intentional ode to his birth state — it should have been novelty, but is so vibrant, warm, compelling, and vulnerable that all “cuteness” is remaindered strictly to the cover art. And he plans to do the same for 49 more states.

Posted by eduardo at 11:52 AM | Comments (0)

Enero 26, 2005

No Representation

Another AP wire story

"We feel like we have no input," said Juan Ortiz, a Santa Cruz small business owner. "And we feel like we should have some say, given what we represent for Bolivia."

My question is: What about the many Cruceño diputados and senadores? Clearly during the pre-Mesa years, their first loyalty was to their political party and the ruling coalition. No one held them accountable for their unresponsiveness. Holding the majority in Congress, they could have gone through the proper procedures to grant "autonomy". Ironically, they were the centralist government. Now that there are no political parties in the Excecutive Branch, these Cruceño lawmakers are representing their city/department by supporting this movement.

List of Cruceño diputados and senadores (w/party affiliation):

Diputados:

Guido Añez Moscoso - MIR
Jose Bailaba Parapaino - MAS
Maria Desiree Bravo Monasterio - MNR
Jose Rolando Castedo Soruco - MNR
Maria Eklund Velazco - MNR
Ricardo Frerking Ortiz - MIR
Jerjes Justiniano Talavera - Unknown
Julio Leigue Hurtado - MNR
Gina Luz Mendez Hurtado - UCS
Neptaly Mendoza Duran - MIR
Ines Miranda Kama - MAS
Julio Novillo La Fuente - MNR
Willams Paniagua Yepez - MNR
Esteban Ribera Espinoza Bismar - Unknown
Vicente Roca Gil - MIR
Gerardo Rosado Perez - MNR
Roxana Sandoval Roman - MNR
Norah Soruco de Salvatierra - MIR
Betty Asunta Tejada Soruco - NFR
Jorge Guillermo Valdez Añez - MNR
Oscar Vargas Ortiz - NFR

Senadores:

Jose Justiniano Sandoval – MNR
Mario Diego Justiniano Aponte – MNR
Hormando Vaca Diez Vaca Diez - MIR

Note: Santa Cruz is not the only Department that has lawmakers more loyal to their party, than to the people they represent.

Posted by eduardo at 10:19 AM | Comments (6)

Enero 25, 2005

Armed Forces and Police Weigh In

As the Civic committees have decided to end their strikes and eat some food, they are preparing to name new governing leaders during the cabildo this coming Friday. However, they may run into some opposition.

From La Razon:

Los cívicos no dieron detalles de este proyecto, pero los máximos jefes de la Policía y las Fuerzas Armadas se adelantaron en anunciar que no reconocerán a las autoridades emergentes de un cabildo. El comandante de las FFAA, Luis Aranda, señaló además que están a disposición del Presidente para actuar según éste lo disponga, mientras el comandante de la Policía, David Aramayo, enfatizó que sólo reconocen al gobierno central.

Posted by eduardo at 12:13 PM | Comments (4)

Enero 24, 2005

Bolivia in English Language Media

Stories about Bolivia are picking up in English-language media. Stories like this are being picked up by other newspapers on the AP Wire.

One of the more interesting stories was published in the Guardian in the UK.

"Chávez 'funding turmoil across Bolivia'"

Retired head of the US' Southern Command James Hill said that Evo Morales (MAS) has been receiving funds from Venezuelan President, Hugo Chavez.

But General Hill's comments about Venezuela's influence in Bolivia may prove just as damaging. He told the Miami Herald: "It is quite proven that he gave money to Evo Morales... and continues to do so."

Mr Morales is expected to win an election if the president, Carlos Mesa, were to go.

The previous claim is not fact. It's hard to tell who would run if Mesa resigns, but it definitely is not a "slam-dunk", especially if the elected would need to count on a coalition.

The most revealing part of the story comes courtesy of an anonymous source within MAS.

However, a senior Mas source said: "The Venezuelans planted doubts in us last December. They said we should ensure control over the constituent assembly before it convenes [next summer] so that the resulting constitution is the one we want, the same way Chávez did in Venezuela."

According to this source, "Evo definitely wants to gain power and import our version of Chávez's Bolivarian revolution to Bolivia."

Posted by eduardo at 06:50 PM | Comments (3)

Enero 23, 2005

El Fascinante Mundo de los Blogs

Gracias a Miguel E. de la pagina "El Forastero" por incluirme en su lista de "blogs" o "bitácoras" que fue publicada en el periódico de La Paz "La Prensa". No sé si habrá más visitas, pero bienvenido al visitante que viene a través del artículo.

* www.barrioflores.net/weblog/ “Barrio flores”. Hijo de bolivianos inmigrantes en los EEUU pero nacido allí, encontró en esta página un camino para regresar a Bolivia.

Posted by eduardo at 07:12 PM | Comments (0)

Enero 22, 2005

Cyber Confrontation

One of the things I like about blogs and the option to comment is the chance to discuss and disagree. I don't think there has been a single case of disrespect or a blatant attempt to insult on this or any other blog I frequent. However, everyone knows Indymedia is far to the left, but every once in awhile someone makes a post like the following just because they can. The subsequent replies to that entry will likely be equally as insulting, resulting in a vicious back-and-forth cycle.

Note: Nothing was changed, it was simply cut + paste.

Posted: Lucky (22/01/2005 23:17) on Indymedia

Viva Santa Cruz

por que snata cruz necesita y luchara por su autonomia. sobre la exclusion de este gobierno a esta tierra santa, pueblo de gente noble pero nunca mansa.
arriba cruceños hagamos historia.

bueno collas e mierda porq no hay otra definicon pa ustedes, les escribo ejto mientras en la tele pasan la ultima preca de este año, esta vez una preca civica, llena de lo q es nuestro mas grande orgullo nuestra bandera, al grito de autonomia y junto a la verde blanco y verde, desfila la reina y nuestras comparsas y el pueblo que lo apoya, la gente cantando el VIVA SANTA CRUZ, esa cancion que nos hace inflar el pecho carajo y gritar que viva carajo!!! y ustedes indios q hacen??

seguro una huelga que incluira una marcha donde habran muertos, mientras aqui las marchas son una fiesta eso mismo, no porq crean q somos superficiales o no no lo crean, tenemos mas amor por esta tierra santa de lo q ustedes nunca van conocer ni entender y ese amor es el que nos hace marchar cantando al ritmo de un hermoso taquirari, por que Santa Cruz nacio para alegria, en un rato NUESTRO PRESIDENTE el Sr. Ruben Costas dara un discurso, recordandonos que el gran cabildo para la AUTODETERMINACION sera el viernes y tenganlo por seguro que estaremos listos para gritar AUTONOMIA!!! asi como ayer en la plaza se grito, y como se viene gritando hace mucho, solo q ustedes es su pozo ese en la altura no nos escuchan y bueno se metieron con el pueblo equivocado porq ahora estamos listos y con mas ganas q nunca y saben lo q mas les va a doler vamos a declarar nuestra autodeterminacion en medio de una gran baile popular y sin ningun muerto, pero al q se nos oponga y quiera pelea no se preocupen facilingo nos encuentran, facilingo y como dijo el presidente costas, seremos nobles pero nunca mansos, y no jocheen al peto, q este peto ta emputau y tenganlo por seguros socollangas que ninguno de nosotros tiene miedo de morir por esta tierra que alberga ha tantos de ustedes y saben los acepto pero solo si luchan junto a nosotros, y estoy segura q lo haran por q el q llega a esta tierra se enamora, es tan linda, no q el q llega a su pozo asqueroso, lo primero q hace es vomitar o le vienen nauseas por q sera no? dicen q la altura yo creo q es esa gente, que definitavente no es puej camba,que la raza bella la mia! somos gente alegre y solidaria dice una gran cancion cruceña, la misma que dice q no hay tierra como mi tierra, y cuanta verdad tiene esa letra, esa que dice yo que anduve hechando polvo en mil fronteras supe que no hay tierra como mi tierra, y ahora como quedamos, nosotros ya conocemos nuestro camino ustedes? salieron sus alcalditos en contra nuestra, dicen q son grupos olgarquicos lo q nos guian, es verdad y que??? es mejor q esa gentenos guie, por q tuvo la suerte de tener una educacion q este gobierno centralista y ladron no le permite tener al resto de la poblacion, esa gente humilde q no puede pagar un colegio aleman, q tiene q meter a sus hijos a un fiscal, q son los lugares donde nuestros colegios van a hacer beneficiencia, yo fui varias veces, expliquenme por q es eso posible, yo se los dire por que este estado vive a lo colla, y esa RAZA MALDITA le vale un carajo vivir en la cochinera, y el camba es distinto, somos pintudos somos pitucos y asi queremos q sea nuestra ciudad pero el centralismo no lo permite, dejennos manejar nuestro recursos y esta ciudad barajo, y por ultimo es nuestra plata carajo, a ver a ustedes que les quite yo su sueldo y les diga si queres algo pedime a mi,que me van a decir, yo se que me van a decir, me van a mandar a la mierda y me vana decir q es su plata y q ustedes la trabajaron y la gastan como quieren puej carajo, a ver si asi lo entienden, esto ya no es un pedido, esto una orden que le manda santa cruz q este gobierno, y si siguen con su actitud, tons el fin justifica los medios, y nuestro fin es grande y necesario y los medios a tomar ya no seran marchitas con una bandera y una cancion, seran marchas, con banderas, canciones y todo lo necesario pa acabar con todo el q se oponga y esta vez no hay paso atras, solo pa delante y delante solo hay una cosa AUTONOMIA!!! asi que digan lo que digan santa cruz esta mas unida que nunca y nada nos detendra esta vez!!! ARRIBA CRUCEÑOS HAGAMOS HISTORIA!!

e-mail: mllandivar@hotmail.com

Addition: To see the other side of this ignorant discourse:

¡Ahora sí!

JustoyFranco 22/01/2005 10:42

Ahora sí. Completamente convencido de que el aire de Santa Cruz debe tener alguna bacteria o virus que mata las neuronas.

Siempre se hizo bromas respecto al coeficiente intelectual del camba...pero se pensaba que sólo era una chanza.

Imposible no ubicarse en la realidad y con la Asamblea Constituyente (que sabemos no remediará todos los problemas) en ciernes y a tiro de píedra, seguir jodiendo y creerse que "unidos no nos vencerán".

Cambas Pelotudos: le están siguiendo el juego a Goni,

Cambas Tarados: están de escalera de la juntucha neonazi de la empresa privada.

Cambas Retrógrados e Imbéciles: los artículos de sus "columnas" (eforobolivia, nacioncamba) están plagados de "ideas" separatistas escritas, pagadas y alentadas por (curiosamente) prochilenófilos malparidos.

Escuchen sus discursos...su Presidente Cívico no puede ni con el castellano...tiene que LEER un pronunciamiento que cualquier hijo de vecino -si le sale del alma- debería gritar,arrobar e impulsar a sus hermanos.

SABEN que las peticiones de autonomía se van a dar, pues no sólo la piden ustedes. No saben que beneficiosa será para todos los departamentos, especialmente para el altiplano (pero el postergado: Potosí y Oruro).

Nadie..absolutamente nadie...pide un plato y sabiendo que está en plena preparación, se levanta...va a la cocina y pretende sacarle la mierda al cocinero...

...sabemos (ahora) que son tarados sin remedio, pero aún así, por favor...¡no exageren!

Posted by eduardo at 11:23 PM | Comments (5)

Nación Aymara

Felipe Quispe a.k.a. El Mallku announced that if Santa Cruz declares itself autonomous, then he will form his own nation and Bolivia "will have three Presidents".

El líder de los indígenas aymaras de Bolivia, Felipe Quispe, advirtió hoy que si la provincia de Santa Cruz se independiza, la población aymará formará su propia nación y Bolivia tendrá tres presidentes.

"Nosotros también vamos a convocar a toda la población de la nación aymara ante la decisión de Santa Cruz de declararse autónomo", señaló Quispe en declaraciones desde La Paz a una radio de Perú..

Plus, unsubstantiated rumors posted on Indymedia claim that Goni and Carlos Sanchez Berzain are plotting in Santa Cruz.

Posted by eduardo at 08:26 PM | Comments (2)

Bolivia Press Analysis

Bolivia Press is an electronic bulletin from analysts at CEDIB (Centro de Documentacion e Informacion Bolivia). My experiences with CEDIB is that they are definitely left-leaning and pro-social movements, but this brings up some interesting points such as speculation how the mobilizations are being financed (Cámara Boliviana de Hidrocarburos) and how non-upper class youth are joining the Union Juvenil Cruceñista (payment).

From: Bolivia Press 2005, Nº 1 (22 de enero)

¿Qué pasa en Santa Cruz?

Para ser lo más objetivos posible nos hemos desplazado hasta la capital oriental, y desde ella redactamos este boletín. Lo primero que se debe anotar es que nunca esta ciudad grande y productiva había vivido semejante estado de convulsión: huelgas de hambre, grandes marchas agresivas, bloqueos, toma de instituciones, enfrentamiento abierto con el Gobierno, incluyendo a sus representantes cruceños (el Prefecto Carlos Hugo Molina y el ministro de Participación Popular Roberto Barbery) que están dando la cara pero son objeto de insultos y de mofa por parte de sus paisanos. La dirigencia cívica de Santa Cruz afirma que no quiere ninguna confrontación pero se comporta como quien busca precisamente la confrontación; de lo contrario no se explica su reacción ante el último decreto presidencial que rebaja el precio del diesel al nivel de la gasolina. El Sr. Dabdoub, de la llamada "Nació! ;n Camba", hizo una primera declaración ponderando ese gesto positivo del Gobierno, pero al cabo de una hora, por instrucciones de otros dirigentes, cambió de posición y desahució el decreto presidencial. ¿Qué pasa entonces?

Algunos analistas cruceños, que incluso se expresan por la prensa, coinciden en afirmar que detrás de esta movilización, que claramente va más allá del precio del diesel, no aparece ningún proyecto alternativo de país, y que por tanto lo único que sus dirigentes persiguen es una desestabilización que les permita liquidar lo que consideran tres grandes peligros para sus intereses: la nueva ley de Hidrocarburos, la creciente demanda de tierras por parte de los pueblos indígenas y de los campesinos Sin Tierra, y la Asamblea Constituyente (además de inviabilizar, por debajo, el juicio de responsabilidades a Sánchez de Lozada); al menos eso es lo que se desprende de las demandas que formulan detrás de la abrogación del decreto de fin de año.

¿Cuáles son las fuerzas que comandan el movimiento cívico? Claramente la CAINCO (que aquí algunos llaman " la Caíncovich "), y dentro de ella nada menos que la Cámara Boliviana de Hidrocarburos (se supone que es ella la principal financiadora de la movilización), sumada a importantes capitales chilenos. La segunda gran fuerza (aunque no tiene nombre específico sino que se es "transversal" a las demás) es la que se agrupa en torno al Sr. Monasterios y está dispuesta a defender con uñas y dientes 250 mil hectáreas de tierras que les fueron graciosamente otorgadas y que parecen estar en peligro de "saneamiento" por parte del INRA. Se dice que en las conversaciones informales con voceros del Gobierno (que a su vez representan a rivales oligárquicos de la zona andina) los temas principales no son el diesel sino la condonación de 200 millones de d&oacu! te;lares de deuda tributaria petrolera y otros meganegocios). Y este tipo de intereses parece ser el que está detrás de la impaciente demanda de "autonomía" departamental sin esperar a una Asamblea Constituyente.

El otro elemento que llama la atención cuando se lo ve de cerca es la composición de la "Unión Juvenil Cruceñista", que en años anteriores agrupaba a unos centenares de jóvenes de tez blanca y pertenecientes a las clases privilegiadas (con una clara tendencia ideológica fascista) y ahora en cambio está constituida por millares de jóvenes de evidente composición popular, mestiza y en muchos casos incluso con rasgos andinos. La explicación que hemos escuchado es que se trata de un masivo reclutamiento de jóvenes más o menos desocupados (de la ciudad y de provincias) a los que se paga unos viáticos de 10 bolivianos diarios y que ofician de fuerzas de choque (son los que "toman" las instituciones, y los que a pedradas forzaron a la Policía a intervenir contra la gran marcha del día 20). Esta agresiva participación de lo que en térmi! nos clásicos se llamaba " lumpen-proletariat ", sumada a las características de los sectores dirigentes, es lo que permite a algunos analistas hablar de que en Santa Cruz se está dando una insurgencia de tipo fascista.

Posted by eduardo at 07:28 PM | Comments (0)

Clearly A Minority

PRONUNCIAMIENTO PÚBLICO DE LAS ORGANZIACIONES INDÍGENAS Y CAMPEISNA DEL BLOQUE ORIENTE

Las organizaciones campesinas, indígenas, colonizadores, mujeres campesinas, sin tierra y asalariados del campo aglutinados en la Federación Sindical Única de trabajadores Campesinos de Santa Cruz, Coordinadora de Pueblos Étnicos de Santa Cruz CPESC, Federación Departamental de Colonizadores de Santa Cruz FDC SC, Federación Departamental de Mujeres Campesinas Bartolina Sisa de Santa Cruz FDMCBS SC, Movimiento Sin Tierra MST y Central Departamental de Trabajadores Asalariados del Campo CDTAC preocupados por la situación que se está viviendo en nuestro departamento y el país nos pronunciamos.

Considerando:

Que la Asamblea Constituyente ha emergido de las demandas y luchas de las organizaciones campesinas indígenas y originarias de Bolivia.

Que el Comité Cívico pro Santa Cruz no representa a los intereses de las grandes mayorías de nuestro departamento. Además los dirigentes cívicos y empresariales que están a la cabeza de las movilizaciones, son conocidos latifundistas que buscan debilitar a las instituciones y aprovechar en río revuelto en beneficio de sus intereses. Estos mismos dirigentes están buscando palestra pública para hacer creer que son los idóneos representantes cívicos y que deben ser elegidos. Estos latifundistas son los más interesados en desestabilizar el orden democrático, entre ellos José Céspedes Álvarez, Branco Marinkovic, Rubén Costas Aguilera, Carlos Rojas Amelunge, Antonio Franco Vaca, Zvonko Matkovic y sus tontos útiles Gabriel Helbing y Rodolfo Landivar.

Que, concientes de que las logias y los empresarios, a través de la mayoría de los medios de comunicación y utilizando como instrumento al Comité Cívico pro Santa Cruz, están en afanes desestabilizadores de la democracia haciendo creer al pueblo que están defendiendo sus intereses. En el fondo hay afanes desestabilizadores y una oposición férrea a la realización de la Asamblea Constituyente.

Resolvemos:

1. Rechazar la realización del referéndum sobre las autonomías departamentales que se pretende realizar el 10 de Abril, porque lo único que busca es desestabilizar la realización de la Asamblea Constituyente y exigimos que las autonomías se discutan en el marco de la Asamblea Constituyente.

2. Exigimos al parlamento nacional que apruebe una ley de hidrocarburos patriótica que recupere la propiedad de los hidrocarburos, incremente la participación del Estado de las regalías hasta el 50%, que se revisen los contratos actuales y se incorpore el título indígena, campesino y originario.

3. Exigimos al parlamento nacional la inmediata aprobación de la ley de convocatoria a la Asamblea Constituyente que sea incluyente, participativa de todos los sectores populares.

4. Exigimos al poder ejecutivo la reversión de los latifundios que no cumplen ninguna Función Económica Social, a pedido de parte y de oficio. Pedimos la redistribución de tierras a campesinos e indígenas sin tierras.

5. Exigimos al poder judicial que acelere los trámites para enjuiciar al ex presidente Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada.

6. Convocamos a las organizaciones sociales y populares unir fuerzas en defensa de nuestras demandas, declarándonos en estado de emergencia y movilización permanente.

Es dado en Santa Cruz de la Sierra en los salones de la Federación Sindical Única de Trabajadores Campesinos de Santa Cruz a los días 14 del mes de enero de 2005.

Sellos y firmas de:

Benigno Vargas
Strio. Ejecutivo FSTUC SC

Manuel Dosapey
Presidente CPESC

Segundina Flores
Stria Ejecutiva FDMCBS

Primitivo Montaño
Strio. Ejecutivo FDC SC

Silvestre Saisari
Presidente MST

Carlos Cuasasse
Presidente OICH

Edwin Ramos
Strio. Ejecutivo de CDTAC

Posted by eduardo at 07:14 PM | Comments (0)

Summary

Miguel C. summarizes yesterday's developments in Santa Cruz here. Really, there's no turning back and it would be interesting to see what steps are taken in the next week.

Daniel writes in his montly post in his Kaikishon blog some things to consider among these developments.

Unelected upper-class elites pronouncing themselves as the government doesn't exactly make me sleep well at night. Why didn't they go through the proper democratic channels when they had a chance? Goni and the MNR were supported heavily by Santa Cruz. Hugo Banzer was from Santa Cruz. If they wanted to acheive autonomy through legal means, no one has a right to complain.

Posted by eduardo at 07:04 PM | Comments (0)

Check Your Numbers

Don Ruben Costas said:

"Hoy somos más del 25 por ciento de la población boliviana, generamos casi la mitad de los impuestos nacionales y llevamos sobre nuestras espaldas gran parte de la economía".

From La Razon:

Datos del Servicio de Impuestos Nacionales (SIN) señalan que Santa Cruz aportó en la gestión pasada con el 38 por ciento del total de las recaudaciones.

Según la información, Santa Cruz aportó al fisco la suma de 1.892,1 millones de bolivianos (38 por ciento), mientras que en ese mismo período La Paz contribuyó con 2.307,0 millones de bolivianos (45 por ciento).

Comparison of PIB (Producto Interno Bruto):

Santa Cruz: 28.8%
La Paz: 25.7%

Posted by eduardo at 01:58 PM | Comments (4)

Enero 21, 2005

The New Swing Vote

Maybe Karl Rove can help figure out how to use the support of the Evangelical Christians in Bolivia. Yesterday, a group of Cristianos prayed in La Paz's Plaza Murillo for peace.

Foto: Dirección Nacional de Comunicación Social

Posted by eduardo at 03:38 PM | Comments (1)

What Santa Cruz Wants

Apparently Santa Cruz's main gripe was really not about the increase in fuel prices. After Mesa reversed that decision in regards to diesel, nothing had changed. In fact, the blockades continue, more public buildings are being occupied and a march is planned for today.

The civic leaders have demanded "autonomy". However, this demand is much more abstract and complex, than asking for the cancellation of the Aguas del Illimani contract.

Already the debate on autonomy (and I don't think there is much debate whether greater autonomy is needed for all Departments) is slated for the Constituent Assembly. Unless the civic leaders come up with a definite plan on how to implement autonomy, while accounting for the extra layers of public bureaucracy and keeping it out of play for the politicians to build a higher patronage tower, then Mesa's plan is a rational way to deal with this issue.

The civic leaders do have support for their cause, but the average Cruceño doesn't consider what is involved in granting autonomy. Do they realize that it will be business as usual with politicians dealing out public sector jobs? The only difference is that there will be more jobs to be used as prizes, with more money at stake. The increase in money will make the race for that pie to be much more cutthroat.

In essence, the business leaders want Mesa to resign any which way. They understand that Mesa is committed to the Constituent Assembly and passing a moderate Hydrocarbons Law. That threatens their way of life. I think they want Mesa to resign so that it becomes a West vs. East conflict or an indio vs. white conflict. Clearly Mesa doesn't fit into either category and in a divided country it is easier to push their agenda forward.

Posted by eduardo at 08:47 AM | Comments (4)

Enero 20, 2005

GOL Airlines to Begin Flights to Bolivia

The Brazilian airline GOL Linhas Aereas Inteligentes will begin service from Brazil to Bolivia in early 2005. This low-cost, low-fare airline (The Brazilian Southwest Airlines?) increases competition for the other airlines that fly to Bolivia's neighbor. Santa Cruz is clearly the international travel hub for Bolivia. LAB needs to shape up or else these new airlines will attract their customers. Other airlines that fly to Brazil are Lloyd Aereo Boliviano, Aerosur, TAM Mercosur and Varig.

Posted by eduardo at 06:17 PM | Comments (0)

TV is So Imaginative

From DCist Re-cap:

The big story of the week is Bolivia. In the midst of an election, American contractors are taken hostage by a socialist candidate, who promises to free them if he's elected president. There's a lot time in the situation room, but it's never made clear what happens to the hostages in the end. Do they live? Do they die? Apparently, no one cares.

Apparently on last night's "West Wing" show on NBC, Bolivia played a big part in the plotline. Maybe I'll catch it on the reruns.

Posted by eduardo at 05:36 PM | Comments (1)

So Far Conflicts Continue

Even though the announcement came late last evening that the price of diesel will come down, things continue to escalate. The road to the airport has been blocked. Some government buildings have been occupied by protestors. The hunger strike continues. No, that doesn't describe El Alto, instead that's the scene in Santa Cruz.

A picture of the Unión Juvenil Cruceñista from El Deber. That sure conjures up images of other "youth brigades" from world history.

Posted by eduardo at 11:27 AM | Comments (3)

Enero 19, 2005

Mesa Lowers the Price of Diesel

This just in: According to the Agencia Boliviana de Información, President Carlos Mesa has lowered the price of diesel to Bs. 3.74/liter (down from Bs. 3.98/liter).

Update: Text of President Mesa's address to the country.

Excerpt:

Quiero pedirles a mi vez, junto a todos ustedes, a los sectores sociales, políticos, empresariales, cívicos y regionales, que respondan con la misma moneda, la moneda de la tolerancia, la moneda de la flexibilidad, la moneda de la cesión. Hay en cualquier tema en el que se enfrentan dos posiciones, la necesidad de que una y otra parte cedan, de que seamos capaces de darle al país el mensaje que el país espera, que somos inteligentes como para no acercarnos al abismo y que somos prácticos como para saber lo que es posible avanzar y lo que no es posible avanzar.

Yo les había dicho hace unos días, que veía el tema del diesel como una excusa que podía llevarnos a un camino de violencia. Hoy, con esta actitud que estoy tomando quiero volver a recordar ese concepto. Si es verdad que el tema del diesel era el problema más importante, estoy mostrándole al país que soy capaz de entenderlo y estoy cediendo. Si mañana hay violencia, si mañana hay actitudes intemperantes, si mañana no estamos de acuerdo, no lo aceptamos, habremos confirmado que el fondo no es el diesel, sino un camino de violencia, un camino de incierto futuro, un camino de bloqueo de la situación política del país, que como está Bolivia, no nos podemos dar el lujo de asumir.

Posted by eduardo at 08:03 PM | Comments (1)

They Have a New Name

Just when I was getting used to the "bancada patriótica", the new group of lawmakers publicly supporting the President and all of moderate Bolivia has a new name. They will be known as the "Corriente por la Defensa de la Democracia". This group led by Filemón Escobar (MAS), Franz Barrios (MBL), and Hugo San Martin (MNR) held their first meeting on Wednesday. Approximately 35 lawmakers in total were in attendance. Their top priority is to see if the new raise in fuel prices can be "flexible". The group is also committed to seeing the Constituent Assembly through.

Posted by eduardo at 07:58 PM | Comments (2)

Do We Need Filemon-isms as Well?

Filemón Escóbar, the MAS Senator, who is a part of the "bancada patriótica" responded firmly to Evo Morales' criticisms of him.

"Que me juzguen ¿Quién le va a juzgar a Evo por sus calumnias? La cultura aimara al calumniador le saca los testículos”

Ouch!

Escóbar held a press conference with Mesa this morning at the Palacio Quemado. More news later on that. At an earlier press conference, Escóbar defended Mesa.

“Carlos Mesa es honesto, no se le puede comparar ni con Goni, menos con Banzer.”

Posted by eduardo at 12:27 PM | Comments (0)

Salteñas from the Best Place in Town

Two beef salteñas from Panamerican Bakery. Full review later.

Posted by eduardo at 09:47 AM | Comments (2)

Enero 18, 2005

Nothing is for Free

The emergence of the “bancada patriótica” may prove to be something to pacify the country. It’s almost miraculous how long Carlos Mesa has been able to remain in power without the backing of any political party. Even though members of this coalition include part of the opposition (MAS) and some relatively sympathetic parties (MBL), the lawmakers reiterated that they won’t be Mesa’s pushovers. They still pretty much agree that the raise in fuel prices was not a smart move.

Usually when coalitions are being assembled, in the case of the Presidential and Municipal elections, pegas are distributed. These government jobs include cabinet positions or departmental prefectures. Evo Morales, who has criticized members of his party for joining this group, has speculated that the members of MAS are angling for the Prefecture of Cochabamba and if there is a turnover in Mesa’s cabinet, then they would have a say in their replacements.

Even the two mayors of La Paz and El Alto have publicly supported Mesa. However, some say that they, too, are looking for their political party (MSM) and citizen's group (PP) to gain access to this Administration.

Mesa should take that offer and run. It’s a small price to pay to gain some allies. By bringing MAS and some of its key moderate members into the governing coalition, it would bring some popular legitimacy to his Administration.

Posted by eduardo at 12:41 PM | Comments (5)

Enero 17, 2005

A More Moderate Version of MAS

Slowly names are leaking out of those who are supporting Carlos Mesa. Although no longer distinctly using the word "bancada patriótica", this group of lawmakers are getting criticized by their party chief. Three notable names from MAS:

Filemón Escóbar, jefe de la Bancada del MAS en el Senado, fue separado de su partido por pelearse con Evo Morales.

Carlos Sandy, senador del MAS y actual presidente de la Comi-sión de Constitución, fue alejado de su partido con Escóbar.

Marcelo Aramayo, senador del MAS, segundo vicepresidente de la Cámara, fue separado de su partido con Escóbar.

If this three can lead the charge and create their own moderate leftist organization, they could be a refreshing voice of reason for those of us on the left (yes, I still consider myself left-leaning). Just think, people who still want to fight for the poor and marginalized without saying estupideces like "Mesa no le interesa la vida de los Bolivianos."

Posted by eduardo at 09:31 AM | Comments (1)

El Mallku Begins Blockades Today

C'mon you didn't think El Mallku wanted to miss the party, did you?

Posted by eduardo at 09:22 AM | Comments (1)

Enero 16, 2005

Evo-isms Part I

This entry receives the title "part I" because I anticipate many more to come. I've been pretty critical of those on the far-right, but those on the far-left deserve some love as well. Even though Evo Morales has demonstrated that he wants to be considered a more moderate leftist, he feels that he needs to recapture those on the radical left.

From the Miami Herald:

''When the radicals are powerful, Evo moves toward them,'' said Alvaro García, a leftist university professor who sometimes advises Morales. ``He fears he will lose his base of support to the more radical elements.''

So how is Evo trying to move towards the radicals? By opening his mouth and letting the nonsense fly. In the days after the Government issued a decree authorizing the use of force to maintain order. Evo said:

El jefe del Movimiento Al Socialismo (MAS), Evo Morales, aseguró que es indigna la forma en que el Gobierno autoriza el uso de armas "para masacrar al pueblo, el presidente mesa está mostrando su verdadera cara fascista igual a la del ex presidente Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada".

and

Entre tanto, Morales afirmó que al presidente Mesa no "le interesa la vida" de los bolivianos y con el DS 27977 pretende "implantar una dictadura" destinada a sofocar los movimientos sociales que buscan recuperar sus recursos naturales y luchar contra el modelo neoliberal.

Thankfully, Bolivians can now criticize their own government without the fear of reprisal. Evo does represent a large portion of society without a real voice. However, as much as he is appealing to the far left, he is also pushing the working and middle class away. Those who may be sympathetic to the cause of the poor, may only see the blabbering mouth and arrogant persona of Evo.

Posted by eduardo at 10:51 AM | Comments (0)

Enero 15, 2005

Saturday Notes

Even though it's a cheap tactic, the government should remind people that there were some Bolivians who had been using the government subsidy (tax dollars) to sell contraband fuel to Chile. If they are so anti-Chileno as they have shown, maybe they might reverse their thinking.

In other news, what seems to be a move that predicts the use the military intervention in future social conflicts, the government signed a decree outlining the conditions where the military may be called upon. In the event that the police cannot maintain order, the military may be used.

However, Mesa has used language to hold his government accountable and to cover himself, something that Goni did not do. He now finds himself in the middle of a potential trial, where many will try to prove that Goni gave vague orders to maintain order, in which some might try to interpret in their own manner.

Las instrucciones del Presidente y Capitán General de las Fuerzas Armadas para el uso de la fuerza militar deberán ser dadas por escrito. En la nota debe referirse a situaciones específicas, en lo posible con una descripción detallada de tiempo y espacio, pudiendo incluirse otras referencias puntuales, como instrucciones para el repliegue o detalles relacionados a coordinación con otros organismos de seguridad.

Before anyone goes off running accusing Mesa of preparing to "repress" and to become "el carnicero II", every democratic country has legal language indicating when the military can be used to maintain order, something that democracies have the obligation to do.

A mysterious "bancada patriótica" is emerging in Congress. This group of lawmakers is attempting to find some common ground. Led by MBL senator Franz Barrios, a party that has definite links to Mesa, this group of lawmakers from various political parties will lead the charge to pacify the country.

Lo hará con un discurso llamando a la tregua social en el país.
El próximo semana, la "bancada patriótica" emitirá un pronunciamiento y comenzará a emprender acciones tendientes a conseguir una "tregua social" que se centre en una agenda mínima que incluya la realización de la Asamblea Constituyente, la aprobación de la ley de hidrocarburos, el afrontamiento de la crisis desde el Estado y una renovación del gabinete ministerial y de las prefecturas

An unlikely member of this group will be former Evo confidante, Filemon Escobar of MAS.

"Por principio y convicción nosotros vamos a defender a rajatabla al presidente Carlos Mesa", anunció el lunes el senador disidente del MAS, Filemón Escóbar, a nombre suyo y de su colega Carlos Sandy.

In the press:

Unlikely alliance - Carlos Toranzo Roca

Sorpresas tiene la vida: en octubre del 2003 los jóvenes cruceñistas y algunos cívicos majaron a patadas a la gente de la COR y a algunos indígenas, hoy están unidos y con los mismos estribillos.

Hace meses los cruceñistas tenían un desprecio muy grande por los “belicosos” alteños, ahora se dice que son dos ciudades hermanas. Poco tiempo atrás, esos mismos dirigentes cívicos del oriente adjetivaban a Evo Morales, ahora hay grandes acercamientos.

Posted by eduardo at 05:13 PM | Comments (0)

Enero 14, 2005

Take a Break from Bolivia

Take a listen to this nice Brasilian Bossa Nova (I think, I'm not an expert). Then say whether you were able to forget about all the world's problems just for a second. It is by the artist Marcos Valle.

(right click and save as)

Marcos Valle - Garra

Posted by eduardo at 05:35 PM | Comments (0)

The Day's Quotes

From La Razon:

Felipe Quispe, MIP leader: “Vamos a tumbar al mentiroso”

Oscar Ortiz, Director CAINCO: “Él ha ofrecido su trasero”

Jaime Solares, Head of COB: "El Presidente está ciego. Se llena la boca al hablar de democracia. Quiere conflictos y los va a tener”

Ruben Costas, Pres. Comité Pro Santa Cruz: “ (Mesa) Usted es un extremista”

Evo Morales, head of MAS: “ (Mesa) El principal enemigo del país””

Fulano Mendez, everyday Bolivian: “What about us? Those who don't march or protest. We don't have a voice?”

Posted by eduardo at 12:44 PM | Comments (0)

Evo Presidente

Although it's not entirely clear where Evo Morales states he wants to take over if Mesa resigns, others think he has his eyes on the prize.

Anunció que, al estilo de los jefes de Estado, pronunciará un mensaje a la nación el próximo fin de semana. Se transmitirá por Tv.

Un día después de haber sugerido el acortamiento de mandato del presidente Carlos Mesa, el jefe nacional del Movimiento Al Socialismo (MAS), Evo Morales, anunció que se encuentra preparado para asumir la primera magistratura del país.

Really there are no democratic mechansims that would hand Evo the Presidency. Even if Mesa calls early elections, there is no guarantee that Evo would win. I think his ego needs to go on strike.

Posted by eduardo at 12:36 PM | Comments (2)

Enero 13, 2005

Secession and Taking Everything With It

Clearly the word is in the vocabulary of those in Santa Cruz. Is it as simple as declaring that they are a new country? Why haven't the Cruceño legislators and Prefects fought harder for the rights of their own region? It seems like they held more loyalty to their political party than those they are supposed to represent. (Ever notice how I write more and more questions, instead of answers?)

So, hypothetically, Santa Cruz does secede, do they take all the oil fields? Are those theoretically theirs? (referring to the Comite Civicos) If I recall from my growing knowledge of Bolivian history, but the majority of Bolivians that fought on the frontlines in the Guerra del Chaco came from the Occident. Why aren't their descendants part of the ownership?

Posted by eduardo at 04:47 PM | Comments (20)

How to Solve a Problem Like Santa Cruz?

Maybe the problems in El Alto will start to settle down after the announcement that Aguas del Illimani has been shown the door. However, there is still the real problem of Santa Cruz. Apparently they are pushing for the reversal of the decision to raise gasoline/diesel prices. But is that what’s really behind the strikes, blockades and incidents of violence?

On Thursday night, some of the business leaders will call one of their famed “Assemblies of the Cruceñidad," where they resolve to make their own decisions. Sure, they want autonomy, but what they really want is an unchanged economic model that has placed them at the top of the pecking order. They are where they are as a result of centralism within their own circles and a clear understanding that there are no limits to what they can acheive with consolidated power.

The newspaper “El Nuevo Dia” is unashamedly part of the media empire controlled by the region’s oligarchs. Bolivian journalism is never known for its quality and fairness, but these paragraphs in a “news story” just demonstrates what the elite oligarchs have at their disposition.

Ahora que la unidad de los cruceños es irrefutable y que el objetivo común es la búsqueda de mejores días, los representantes regionales llevarán a la Asamblea de esta noche posiciones políticas contundentes contra el gobierno central, mismas que deberán ser discutidas, aprobadas y ejecutadas.

A la hora de la evaluación general sobre los dos días de paro, el presidente del gobierno moral de los cruceños, Rubén Costas, apuntó a la unidad como el factor positivo y reconoció al pueblo que sintió los efectos del sacrificio, pero además, se comprometió a defender la esperanza reclamada en las calles. “Esa esperanza que vislumbra el futuro de nuestros hijos”, dijo.

Opinions passed on as fact?

Lost in these calls for autonomy is the main reason why autonomy is needed: to reduce poverty in the country. In their rhetoric, these self-appointed leaders never hide what they are after, increased power and increased access to public money. Where is the rhetoric condemning the alliance that resulted in patronage within the Mayor's Office? True autonomists cannot have it both ways. Ideally autonomy and decentralization go hand-in-hand. However, the new jobs created by decentralization must not be used to further cement politicians' grip on power.

How can Costas say this with a straight face?

“La familia boliviana no quieren que la dividan, no puede vivir con unos hijos ilegítimos mientras otros viven en las eternas pegas del centralismo.

Again, Sr. Costas, talking his macanas:

Luego le dijo que sus aliados también son extremistas porque creen en la droga y no en la tradición cristiana.

So what's the answer? To show Cruceños that their lives won't drastically change as a result of autonomy as proposed by the elite business leaders? Will ordinary working-class Cruceños be allowed to participate in a non-democratic institution like the Comité Civicos? Really it will take change from moderate people from that Department. The rhetoric and propaganda has permeated throughout that city so that everyone thinks that Carlos Mesa is that city's number one enemy, when actually he is probably more on their side than they actually think.

Posted by eduardo at 09:41 AM | Comments (2)

Enero 12, 2005

Text of Mesa's Speech

In Spanish, from the Office of the Presidency webpage. Read for yourself, whether Mesa is "whining" or giving concrete reasons why he had to reduce government subsidies.

¿Por qué está usted conmigo?, porque usted sabe que yo estoy actuando con responsabilidad, porque usted sabe que estoy cumpliendo al pie de la letra lo que me comprometía cumplir el 17 de octubre, porque usted sabe que yo le he garantizado paz, porque usted sabe que dialogo y que soy paciente, y que estoy dispuesto a esperar y a ofrecer y a negociar en el marco de la racionalidad para evitar conflictos, porque usted sabe, - contra lo que están diciendo en estos últimos días-, que este gobierno es austero, y que en este gobierno hay honestidad, no la honestidad perfecta, no la austeridad perfecta que no la hay, sino en el cielo, aquella que con todo nuestro esfuerzo estamos trabajando para lograr

No one can deny that this Administration is unlike any other in the past 20+ of "democracy" in Bolivia. This Administration stresses dialogue, especially since it is not running for any future elections. Perhaps it has been too lenient, when others want to maintain public order at some costs. Oh well.

Posted by eduardo at 10:22 PM | Comments (4)

Public Enemy No. 1

Who's Public Enemy No. 1? No, it's not Chuck D or Flava Flav, but President Carlos Mesa, at least, according to Evo Morales.

El MAS denominó a Carlos Mesa como el principal enemigo del pueblo boliviano al favorecer a las transnacionales, y en ese marco, consideran que si el mandatario no cambia de actitud debería adelantar las elecciones nacionales

Morales added that Mesa should prioritize the Hydrocarbons Law and Constituent Assembly. Yet, Morales seems to forget that it isn't the President that sets the agenda, it's everyone else.

Posted by eduardo at 03:33 PM | Comments (0)

Enero 11, 2005

Aguas del Illimani Gone

I first read the blurb on Miguel B.'s blog, apparently informed by a friend in La Paz. Again, I am limited by my geographical location. Bolivia.com has confirmed the news.

I am sorry that there could not be a negotiated agreement, such as adding more public participation in the capitalized company. Let's see if this settles the protestors down or only makes them hungrier for other changes (i.e. Hydrocarbons Law, Goni's Trial, Reinstituting gasoline/diesel subsidies).

Posted by eduardo at 07:38 PM | Comments (1)

News From Abroad

It's rather impossible to keep up with what is happening from Bolivia from so far away. Even when I had digital cable and could watch P.A.T. Noticias on a daily basis, listen to live streaming Panamericana radio, and chat with cousins and friends "on the ground", things still aren't the same.

I was in Bolivia during the "impuestazo" crisis of February 2003. Every channel had live footage from La Paz and all I had to do was look out my window in Centro Cochabamba to see the protests. Even though the Avenue in front of my department was rather quiet, there was a group of people who had pulled the green dumpster into the intersection. Only after lighting its contents, did a heavy rain fall to extinguish the flames and disperse the blockaders to shelter.

Cochabamba was calm in comparison to the nation's capital, but it was still a scene of chaos. Every intersection was blockaded and not a policeman was in sight. Every store front was closed, while tires burned in the background. I made my way down to El Prado, where things were relatively calm. Finding the only open Internet cafe, I saw boliches open for business, while young people enjoyed beer oblivious to the day's events.

Now, I seem oblivious to what is going on thousands of miles away. I have to wait for the daily summary of the day's events from the various online newspapers. Even Indymedia Bolivia doesn't live up to its "independent" name, just take a look at some of the ignorant comments.

I don't know how things will end up. Blog from Bolivia states:

The groups demanding the end of water privatization in El Alto have made it very clear publicly, and privately to me, that they have no interest in toppling Mesa

The way things are proceeding, perhaps they should be careful in where their actions are leading.

Posted by eduardo at 01:33 PM | Comments (1)

Enero 10, 2005

Phrases From Mesa's Speech

President Carlos Mesa addressed the nation in a 45 minute speech, where he reiterated that he will not reverse the decision of the price increase. He also admitted that it has been difficult to govern without the backing of political parties. However, he will not use force to put down any confrontation. Mesa singled out the small groups that are leading the pressure from both sides.

"Hoy, el diesel es una excusa para la presión de dos puntas. La presión de una punta, que quiere un cambio de modelo y que quiere que el gobierno nacionalice todo, que quiere que las transnacionales se vayan a su casa y que quiere forzarnos a hacer y aplicar su programa"

"intereses de grupos pequeñísimos de gigantesco poder, que no han hecho otra cosa en los últimos meses, que utilizando toda su fuerza, la fuerza que tienen en medios de comunicación poderosos por ejemplo, la fuerza que tienen en un discurso en el que hay muchos aspectos que disfrazan lo que verdaderamente quieren para debilitar al gobierno y querer hacerle creer a usted, que estamos gobernando mal y que no estamos cumpliendo nuestra obligación".

"Si la situación crece en la violencia y si el Presidente se ve obligado a establecer una línea de control del orden, -y ojo con esto-, yo no soy mi antecesor y no voy a actuar como mi antecesor, no tendremos tanques en las calles, y si hay una presión que obligue a este Presidente, a ejercer violencia con la certidumbre de que esa violencia va a costarle vidas humanas, este Presidente no va a continuar aquí en Palacio de Gobierno, porque si dije que no estoy dispuesto a ejercitar la violencia, tengo que ser coherente con esta propuesta y con este compromiso"

Posted by eduardo at 05:44 AM | Comments (3)

Enero 09, 2005

Evo Joins In

Evo Morales, who has been rather quiet during the last week, has announced that he will bring the coca issue to the forefront. Later tonight, Carlos Mesa, will address the nation concerning the issues that have been raised and, perhaps, will try to explain the increase in gasoline and diesel price. The government announced that as a result of the savings from decreasing the subsidies, additional funding will be given to the 9 departments. If the subsidies are put back in place, then other austerity measures will have be taken in order to cover the budget deficit.

Posted by eduardo at 05:20 PM | Comments (0)

Enero 08, 2005

Surprise Visit

My grandfather was the Bolivian Indiana Jones. He took full advantage of his lifetime pass on the Bolivian railroad (from his service in the Chaco War) to go everywhere. Sometimes he would disappear for a week, reappearing in Buenos Aires (his second home). He would trick my grandmother telling her that they were heading to see her sisters in Oruro, but the train was actually headed to Santiago, Chile.

However, his greatest adventure was when he tried to surprise my family in the United States. He recalled hearing that the nearest major airport to our house was in Wichita (Kansas). However, when he booked his flight, he had bought a ticket to Wichita Falls (Texas). A phone call in the middle of the night from the Lone Star State was the most shocking of all.

Posted by eduardo at 10:47 PM | Comments (0)

Just Make it to Carnaval

Seems like when any major protest or impending disturbance is on the horizon, protest leaders wait till a major holiday passes. This year, Carnaval comes early (February 5th). Those are times when everyone forgets their problems and the constant state of protest remains on pause. Maybe if the government can find a way to dialogue and compromise with the radical minorities (number, not race) and make it to Carnaval, then maybe things may settle down.

It appears that Bolivia is passing through more growing pains. The far-left and far-right are once again joining forces in killing democracy. When Goni resigned from office, Bolivia had a Plan B. Many voted for MNR because of the Vice-Presidential candidate, Carlos Mesa, who was on the ticket. So when the ex-President left, there was a sigh of relief. Even though Mesa does not enjoy favorable ratings in the city of Santa Cruz, he still has solid support for a President in Latin America.

However, if the radical sectors of the country succeed in pushing Mesa from office, Bolivia faces an uncertain future. Things were looking up for the country. With a Constitutent Assembly in the near future, where Bolivia would rework the current system, which would include autonomies (hopefully with the needed institutional reforms) for all Departments, there is still hope. Opportunists have capitalized on the confusion and uncertainty to whip up rumors of a coup or auto-coup. Who will take over if Mesa steps down?

Who on the right has the political will to fundamentally change Bolivia to become more inclusive? Who on the left has the reason to understand that Bolivia is not an isolated nation, and like it or not, is part of the globalized world? I truly feel that Mesa has the balance to understand that the neoliberal model cannot continue, but knows that Bolivia must somehow export its gas to survive.

Mesa’s administration have made concessions to the mobilizations in El Alto by signing a decree lowering the price of water hook-up from $400 to $150. The entire Aguas del Illimani issue seems to be the fuse that could turn things into another October.

In Santa Cruz, where Comite Civico leaders have looked upon those who blockade roads and strike with disdain, are apparently overlooking and condoning this behavior by Cruceño transporistas. Using the COD (Centro Obrero Departamental) in this manner is such a shrewd political move.

It’s quite simple in Santa Cruz, leaders want to form their own centralist state where the rich and powerful have more opportunity to become even more rich and powerful. All it takes is the example of Ivo Kuljis and Oscar Vargas playing the patronage game by joining Percy Fernandez as mayor of Santa Cruz, to see that they have no intention of using autonomies to help the poor. These elite business leaders have never mentioned how they would change the system to avoid centralism once autonomies are granted. Where will the money for Departmental legislative and judicial systems come from? How will these hundreds of new government jobs be out of play in the game of patronage? It will simply be a smaller version of the centralized federal government that they are rallying against.

There is a lot at stake in the next coming weeks. Maybe those in the center, who are not represented, should take more of an effort to save their country.

Economic Impact: Graphic shows that the country will save 100 million dollars due to the increase of prices in gasoline and diesel. Santa Cruz stands to pay 41% of that. However, just take a look at the source of that graphic, none other than CAINCO, who is loving these new social disturbances, just a bit of their own propaganda.

Posted by eduardo at 10:29 PM | Comments (5)

Enero 06, 2005

Demands

Miguel B. over at his blog nicely summarizes the demands of those en El Alto, who have used the increase in price of gasoline and diesel to take to the streets.

2.- Expulsion of Aguas del Illimani, the water company servicing El Alto. The reason given is: the company's services were deficient in El Alto.

A public institution will solve all their problems? Look at Semapa in Cochabamba, there are still dozens of neighborhoods without adequate water resources. Surely more could be accomplished through dialogue. Perhaps adding more community involvement or board members to Aguas del Illimani? El Alto continues to grow too fast for water resources to be allocated.

5.- Jail for Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada and his cabinet for genocide.

Genocide? Maybe their should be a trial before sending anyone to jail. October 2003 was not Rwanda II.

In addition, Miguel B. says that the protestors are asking for:

re-creation of the capitalized state companies (ENTEL, ENFE, YPFB, etc.)

That's all Bolivia needs, additions to a bloated public administration manhandled by patronage and unqualified public employees. Ask anyone who remembers how primitive national and international calling used to be. One had to call and wait for an available phone line in order to call the United States. Now with the competition with Boliviatel, Telecel, etc. there are much more cheaper rates to call within Bolivia and abroad. ENFE was the Bolivian railways. These days with the advent of GNV, it is much more cost-effective to travel and transport good using trucks and buses.

Posted by eduardo at 10:15 PM | Comments (1)

Forget the Strikes, Alan Parsons is Coming

This February 2 and 3, the Alan Parsons Project is coming to Bolivia. 10 Bs. for anyone who can name another song he did besides "Eye in the Sky". El Deber interviewed him:

- ¿Qué espera ahora de este su primer viaje a Bolivia?
- Estoy muy animado, realmente no sé qué esperar. Sólo había escuchado sobre Bolivia en la historia de Butch Cassidy y Sundance Kid. Ésa es mi única experiencia. Espero encontrar un bonito paisaje y gente muy amigable

Bolivia, the country where washed up rock stars come to die. Air Supply came awhile back and was one of the biggest concerts ever. Who would have thunk it?

Posted by eduardo at 03:01 PM | Comments (1)

Enero 05, 2005

GNV

Lost in all of the talk of price increases and strikes comes news of Supreme Decree 27956. This new law will help convert cars to Natural Gas. (Gas Natural Vehicular)

Through a series of incentives and credits, the government is trying to encourage the switch to Natural Gas (something Bolivia has tons of, in contrast to diesel and gasoline). Natural Gas is also harder to contraband.

This is big news. This something that Bolivia should be celebrating, by taking advantages of the huge gas reserves and reduce operating costs for drivers.

Posted by eduardo at 05:38 PM | Comments (4)

I Feel a Bit Dirty

Reading my past post about gas prices, I sound awfully critical of the social movements. I have never hidden the fact that I admire Carlos Mesa and hope that he continues to be a part of Bolivian history (Referendum and Constituent Assembly).

However, I am no apologist for the status quo. My criticisms never defend the political parties and especially not the Santa Cruz business section. I try to be as objective as possible, and if that means criticizing the social movements, who often poorly represent whole marginalized sections of society, then so be it.

But it's never without guilt because it seems like I am saying that their interests are not legitimate. But it's good to see self-criticism, and not by some middle-class Bolivian-American living in another country.

In a book my brother gave me called "Bolivia Al Poder" written by the Movimiento al Pachakuti senatorial candidate in Potosi, Walter Reynaga, who is also a member of the Movimiento Tierra y Libertad Tomas Katari (in other words someone much more in a position to hold these social movements to a higher standard, than I), he talks about ways these groups can improve themselves.

1. Voluntary affiliation of its members

2. Financial contributions to unions, associations, neighborhood councils, school councils, etc. should be totally voluntary and spontaneous, as it is in the allyus. Fines and other penalties to members should also be prohibited. Any type of coercion should be prohibited (including the manipulation of benefits, that members have the right to, i.e. water, electricity, or the fixing of roads, as it relates to neighborhood groups).

3. The prohibition of the re-election of leaders in the three highest leadership positions in these organizations.

Obviously these things are happening, if Reynaga is speaking out against them. Often when social protests and strikes take place, these things are never mentioned. Often times, money changes hands in exchange for participation in a march. Sure the participants may agree with the issue at hand, but does it take away from the true nature of democratic social protest?

Strike News: Good news that it seems that all the strikes and blockades were relatively peaceful. The government reiterated that part of the decrease in subsidies is directly related to the contraband selling of lower-priced gas. People are profiting off of these subsidies apparently.

Posted by eduardo at 02:59 PM | Comments (2)

Enero 04, 2005

Gas Prices Rise

One of the worst policy decisions that President Carlos Mesa could have made, took place on New Year's Eve Day. The government indirectly increased the price of gasoline and diesel, as the amount that the government contributed as a subsidy decreased. The "gasolinazo" is such a public relations danger, that many transportistas are taking advantage of, including at the expense of passengers. Definitely it will stir up forces that want to topple Mesa. The government announced the measures to counteract the contraband that is entering the market. However, they deny that the measure has been taken in order to reduce the budget deficit.

Strikes and blockades have been announced in 8 of the 9 national Departments. These strikes not only send a message of discontent, but also jeopardizes the right to work that many count on public transportation.

Likely any independent taxi driver who attempts to work on strike days, will be met with physical attacks, including broken windshields or popped tires.

So far some transport lines have increased their fares. Some as much as 50-75%. Does the fare increase actually reflect how much is needed to make up for the price increase of fuel? Or are some trying to milk the opportunity to increase their fares (which are very very low in the first place) and look the government look bad?

Gasoline prices increased Bs. 0.34 / Liter (gasoline) and Bs. 0.75/Liter (diesel).

1 gallon = 3.8 L

Who knows how many km/liter a taxi or bus gets? Let's say 5 km/liter on the lowside as an estimate. In those 5 km, which is a long way in compacted urban centers like Cochabamba, perhaps the bus driver picks up 10 passengers (again, on the lowside of an estimate), who pay an additional 5 Bs. total (10 passengers x Bs 0.50 increase), which is much higher than the Bs. 0.34 in increase of gasoline. For every liter of gasoline, the driver is making an additional 5 Bs. in relation to the 0.34 Bs. of increased gasoline price.

I can justify a price increase, but many of these drivers are milking the situation. Of course, drivers want to increase their takehome pay to give their families a better standard of living, and this is their chance to use the government as a scapegoat. Some of the vehicles are in bad shape and the extra money can be used to repair the buses and taxis. They've always wanted to raise fares, and this is their chance to do so without any passenger retribution towards them.

In Cochabamba, many bus routes cost 1 Bs. (appoximately 12 US cents). However, a price of 1.50 Bs. was the standard. It wasn't until fierce competition among bus lines that often follow the same route caused the noticeable drop. Other drivers had no choice other than to follow suit.

However, the vast majority of taxis and buses are now operating on natural gas, which was not affected by this price increase. This technology not seen in the United States, is increasing in Bolivia. Cars and buses need to be equipped with special fuel mechansim that powers cars (I'm not very familiar with the process, but I know that some cars can run all day with 5-10 Bs.)

An uncle of mine fills about 6 Bs. worth each day for his day's deliveries.

Yes, this price increase adversely affects the poorest of the poor whose livelihood depends on inexpensive public transportation. However, it appears as if the transportistas are taking advantage of the situation and an excuse to add fuel to the fire (no pun intended) by pushing Mesa's hand.

Posted by eduardo at 12:44 PM | Comments (1)

Enero 01, 2005

Top Ten Bolivia Stories of 2004

In the most unofficial of formats, here are ten stories that stood out in my memory in 2004.

Bolivia Gas Referendum

For the first time in over 70 years, Bolivia participated in a direct democratic exercise. Even though the vaguely-worded questions left the door open for broad interpretation, democracy in Bolivia shifted, if only for one day. The vast majority of Bolivians did not heed the call to boycott the vote or burn ballot boxes. No longer were Bolivians reliant on representatives that really didn't represent them at all. The peaceful exercise of democracy dominated all 9 departments. Each of the five questions passed decisively. However, in the six months since the final vote was cast, Bolivia still does not have a new Hydrocarbons Law.

Most of Congress has intepreted the results as a mandate to nationalize all of the hydrocarbons, including obligating all multinational companies to change the existing contracts. President Mesa is looking to pass a more moderate Law. This will be the most pressing issue in the beginning of 2005.

New Actors in Municipal Elections

Incumbents reigned supreme on December 5th. In the cities of El Alto and La Paz, voters turned their backs on violent social movement leaders (de la Cruz) and embraced a (minor) political party (Movimiento Sin Miedo), respectively. In the other two major urban centers, Santa Cruz and Cochabamba, it was business as usual. Alliances were formed in exchange for patronage rights. For the first time in Bolivian history, indigenous groups and citizen groups were given the right to participate in the elections without being part of a political party. Even though many of these citizen groups operated as political parties, with many ex-politicos, they were seen as an alternative. MAS was the political party that received the highest total of votes, yet fell short in winning one of the four major urban cities.

Goni on Trial

After a lengthy debate in Parliment, lawmakers voted overwhelmingly to place Goni on trial. Mind you this vote took place in full campaign mode, where very decision, stance, and vote had the upcoming municipal elections in mind. Some politicians tried to capitalize on Goni's basement favorable ratings. Many speculate that Goni cannot receive a fair trial in Bolivia, because he has already been found guilty in the court of public opinion. Just recently attorneys began interviewing key actors. Shouldn't the investigation take place before placing someone on trial? Some speculate that Goni may be extradited, but threats on his life may provide him with asylum.

The Call For Autonomy

I'll never get tired of repeating myself: Autonomy and decentralization is a great concept. Who else is better to understand and meet the needs of local people, than local governments? However, it has become evident that those individuals and groups (CAINCO and other elite businessmen) pushing for the autonomy solution, are only doing so because they want to form their own centralist power structures. Just take a look at the coalition that was formed in Santa Cruz. Both Ivo Kuljis and Oscar Vargas would benefit greatly from the consolidation of power.

Tens of thousands of Cruceños were duped in believing in that these leaders were pushing for autonomy out of no ulterior motive. However, these leades are very shrewd and know how to appeal using populism and at times, playing the race card. Bolivia is not ready for such a widespread decentralization. There are no mechanisms to ensure that such a top-down centralist type of government wouldn't take place on local levels.

Bolivar Reaching International Final

As much as it pains me to include them, most of the country set aside allegiances to their own local club team to root for a Bolivian representative. Bolivar, the La Paz club, beat Aurora (BOL), Concepcion (CHI), Arsenal (ARG), and LDU (ECU) to face the most successful South American team, Boca Juniors. However, Bolivar did not take advantage of their home field. Only winning 1-0, Bolivar then headed to Buenos Aires where they lost 0-2.

Mesa Continues to Ask for Sea

We saw President Carlos Mesa everywhere, making the loss of access to the sea as a central issue. At every international gathering, Mesa asked that his Latin American friends join him in pushing Chile into returning the sea to Bolivia. Even President Hugo Chavez said that he hopes someday to be swimming on a Bolivian beach. Recently the Bolivian strategy has shifted from a multilateral approach to seeking dialogue bilaterally with Chile. No changes are imminent. But for now, Bolivians will have to resort to basking in the sun in Arica or Iquique (Chile).

Lynching in Ayo Ayo

The unspeakable took place just months after a similar even took place in Ilave, Peru. The late Bejamin Altimirano, mayor of Ayo Ayo, was kidnapped in La Paz and driven back to his hometown of Ayo Ayo. There, he was beaten, tortured and ultimately burned to death. Claims of communal justice tried to mask savagry. Many claim that Altimirano was a corrupt public official, but that never justifies the horrendous crime that painted Bolivians as heartless and lawless. Members of the Movimiento Sin Tierra are still behind bars for their role in the murder.

Evo and Mesa, an Unlikely Team

Some said that Evo was an unofficial part of the government from the way he was acting. Cries of "sell-out" appeared not to faze Evo, who knew that his more moderate position would work well in the upcoming elections. In comparison to radical leftists like Jaime Solares and Felipe Quispe, Evo really didn't seem so bad. Evo came out in favor of the Referendum, maybe because he knew that the vague questions could help his cause. After the Referendum, Evo and MAS reverted back to their roles in the opposition. Mesa continues to govern without a political party and has alienated some in Congress. However, his relationship with Evo Morales and MAS has been one of the most important factors in Mesa lasting 2004.

Miss Bolivia's Comments

What seemed to be comments lost in translation turned into an international incident. Miss Bolivia, Gabriela Oviedo, offended many Bolivians by generalizing both those from the Western side of the country, as well as those in the East. Clearly Bolivia enjoys a multi-ethnic and pluralist country, but her comments were very disparaging. However, some of the reactions passed along through forwarded emails or jokes making the rounds often played up on these generalizations. It really shouldn't have made a big deal of, but one of the reasons it made this list was because of the reaction generated.

My Return to Bolivia

In October, I returned to Bolivia after a yearlong absence. I found a more optimistic Bolivia upon my return. Things were still tough for many people struggling with unemployment and underemployment. Still I felt that Bolivia was my home. Hopefully I will be heading back to Bolivia semi-permanently sometime in 2005. Plus, in 2004 Barrio Flores was born.

Posted by eduardo at 09:10 PM | Comments (1)